Participants
David Alvarez
Participant
Affiliation
English Department, DePauw University
Publications
"Reason and Religious Tolerance: Mary Astell's Critique of Shaftesbury", Eighteenth-Century Studies 44.4 (Summer 2011):475-94
"'Poetical Cash': Joseph Addison, Antiquarianism, and Aesthetic Value", Eighteenth-Century Studies 38.3 (Spring 2005):509-531; reprinted in Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800: Volume 146, ed. Thomas J. Schoenberg and Lawrence J. Trudeau (Armington Hills, MI: Gale, 2008), pp. 93-106
"The Case of the Split Self: George Moore's Debt to Schopenhauer in Esther Waters", English Literature in Transition 1880-1920 38.2 (1995):169-185
Jill Bradbury
Session V, "Interest and the Irish financial revolution"
Abstract
This essay applies theories about political parties and the English financial revolution to the 1720-21 Irish national bank proposal. David Stasavage argues that party formation plays an important role in establishing the credibility of government borrowing, by uniting diverse constituencies in support of public finance through a shared ideology. In England, this process was facilitated by strong Whig coalitions, but party identity and political alliances were more tenuous in Ireland. In attempting to build public trust (or mistrust) in the national bank charter, supporters and opponents articulated their positions through the rhetoric of 'interest'. Arguments about 'interest' in the pamphlet literature anchor party positions on the balance of power between England and Ireland, Anglo-Irish Protestants and Gaelic Catholics, as well as between the merchant/financial sectors and the older landed classes.
Affiliation
English Department, Gallaudet University, Washington, D.C.
Publications
Anglo-Irish Identities, 1571-1845 (co-editor). Bucknell University Press, 2008
"Domestic, Moral, and Political Economies in Swift's Irish Writings." In Anglo-Irish Identities, 1571-1845. Bucknell University Press, 2008
"New Science and the 'New Species of Writing:' Eighteenth-Century Prose Genres". Eighteenth-Century Life(February 2003)
Scott Breuninger
Session V, "Patriotism, virtue and improvement: the Irish critique of luxury (1725-40)"
Abstract
The question of luxury posed a great moral and practical challenge to thinkers of the eighteenth century. Following a classical tradition, excessive luxury was believed to weaken virtue and expose nations to corruption; however, as Irish thinkers began to recognize the importance of commercial growth, these negative assessments were challenged by an "economized" defense of luxury. This paper explores how these issues were articulated in the Irish context, paying particular attention to critiques of Mandeville published in James Arbuckle's Dublin Weekly Journal (1725-27), and the tracts associated with the members of the Royal Dublin Society. These works each contributed to a popular Irish attack on luxury that was of great interest to the patriotic concerns of the Irish leaders who were trying to define the place of Ireland within the emerging British Empire.
Affiliation
Department of History, University of South Dakota
Publications
Sociability and Cosmopolitanism: Social Bonds on the Fringes of the Enlightenment, ed. with David Burrow (London: Pickering and Chatto, 2011)
Recovering Bishop Berkeley: Virtue and Society in the Anglo-Irish Context (New York: Palgrave, 2010)
"Planting an Asylum for Religion: Berkeley's Bermuda Scheme and the Transmission of Virtue in the Eighteenth Century Atlantic World", Journal of Religious History 34 (2010):414-29
"A Panacea for the Nation: Berkeley's Tar Water and Irish Domestic Development", Etudes Irlandaises 34 (2010):29-41
"Irish Clergy and the Deist Controversy: Two Episodes in the Early British Enlightenment", Religion in the Age of Enlightenment 1 (2009):197-224
"Berkeley and Ireland: Who are the 'We' in 'We Irish think otherwise'?". In Jill Bradbury and David Valone (eds.), Anglo-Irish Identities 1571-1845 (Lewisburg: Bucknell UP, 2008), pp. 104-125
"Rationality and Revolution: Rereading Berkeley's Sermons on Passive Obedience", New Hibernia Review 12 (2008):63-86
"'Social Gravity' and the Translatio Tradition in Early American Theories of Empire: The Case of Thomas Pownall", Southern Quarterly 43 (2006):70-108
Christine Desan
Session IV, "Redefining Money; Home-Grown Credit, Traders' Silver, and the Struggle over the Modern Imagination"
Abstract
Monetary crises in late 17th-century England catalyzed a debate over the definition of money. For many proposing paper monies or notes that anticipated future public revenues, money was (or could be) a circulating medium based on credit. For others, notably John Locke, money was the commodity, silver, that all nations passed in trade. The paper explores both conceptions of money because each affected the way the English understood and therefore 'made' money. Thus John Locke's insistence that money was silver, while at odds with English law on coin, appears to have influenced the way the English approached the recoinage. More surprisingly, it may also have influenced the way they approached modern paper money, casting it as a fiduciary promise of a finite commodity that could not be depreciated in metal content.
Affiliation
Harvard Law School
Publications
Making Money: Coin, Credit and the Coming of Capitalism (in manuscript)
Re-Theorizing Liquidity, ed. (University of Pennsylvania Press, forthcoming)
"Coin Reconsidered: The Political Alchemy of Commodity Money", Theoretical Inquiries in Law 287 (January 2010)
"Beyond Commodification: Contract and the Credit-Based World of Modern Capitalism". In Transformation of American Law II: Essays for Morton Horwitz (2010)
"From Blood to Profit: The Transformation of Value in the American Constitutional Tradition", Journal of Policy History 26 (2007)
"Money Talks: Listening to a History of Value," Common-Place 6:3 (April 1, 2006)
"Out of the Past: Time and Movement in Making the Present", Unbound, A Journal of Legal Reconstruction 2 (Spring 2005)
"The Market as a Matter of Money: Denaturalizing Economic Currency in American Constitutional History", Law and Social Inquiry (Winter 2005)
Alan Downie
Discussant, Session I; Chair, Session IV
Affiliation
Goldsmiths College, University of London
Publications
A Political Biography of Henry Fielding (London: Pickering & Chatto, 2009)
Henry Fielding In Our Time: Papers Presented at the Tercentenary Conference. Editor (Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008)
"Periodicals, the Book Trade and the 'Bourgeois Public Sphere'". Media Histor 14 (2008):261-274
Robert Harley and the Press: Propaganda and Public Opinion in the Age of Swift and Defoe (paperback reprint ed., Cambridge University Press, 2008)
"Marlowe, May 1593, and the 'Must-Have' Theory of Biography", Review of English Studies 58 (2007):245-267
"Who Says She's a Bourgeois Writer? Reconsidering the Social and Political Contexts of Jane Austen's Novels", Eighteenth-Century Studies 40/1 (2006):69-84
Religious and Didactic Writings of Daniel Defoe, Volume 6: The Poor Man's Plea (1698) and The Great Law of Subordination Consider'd (1724) Ed. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 2006)
Constructing Christopher Marlowe. Paperback edition. Ed. with J. T. Parnell (Cambridge University Press, 2006)
"Public and Private: The Myth of the Bourgeois Public Sphere". In Cynthia Wall (ed.), A Concise Companion to the Restoration and Eighteenth Century (Oxford, Malden, MA, and Carlton, Australia: Blackwell Publishing, 2005), 58-79
"Public Opinion and the Political Pamphlet". In John Richetti (ed.), The Cambridge History of English Literature, 1660-1780 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 549-571
"What if Delarivier Manley Did Not Write The Secret History of Queen Zarah?", The Library 7th series, 5 (2004):247-264
"How useful to eighteenth-century English studies is the paradigm of the 'bourgeois public sphere'?", Literature Compass 1 (2003):18C 022, 1-18
"'The Coffee Hessy spilt' and Other Issues in Swift's Biography". In Herman J. Real and Helgard Stöver-Leidig (eds.), Reading Swift: Papers from The Fourth Münster Symposium on Jonathan Swift (Wilhelm Fink Verlag, 2003), 65-75
"The Political Significance of Gulliver's Travels". In Albert J. Rivero (ed.), Jonathan Swift, Gulliver's Travels: A Norton Critical Edition (New York and London: W.W. Norton & Co., 2002), 334-352
Constructing Christopher Marlowe. Ed. with J.T. Parnell (Cambridge University Press, 2000)
"The Making of the English Novel", Eighteenth-Century Fiction 9.3 (1997):249-266
To Settle the Succession of the State: Literature and Politics, 1678-1750 (Macmillan, 1994)
Robert Harley and the press: propaganda and public opinion in the age of Swift and Defoe (Cambridge University Press, 1979)
Christopher Fauske
Chair, Session VI
Affiliation
Communications Department, Salem State University, Salem, MA
Publications
A Political Biography of William King (London: Chatto and Pickering, 2011).
"A System Illusory and Immoral: Jonathan Swift and the Emergence of the Modern Economic Polity". In Robert Balfour (ed.), Speculation and Displacement (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), pp. 49-66.
"On Being Orthodox: The Sermons of Laurence Sterne and the Church of England Context." In W. B. Gerard (ed.), Divine Rhetoric: Essays on the Sermons of Laurence Sterne. (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2010), pp. 45-62.
"John Frederick MacNeice". In James McGuire et al. (eds), Dictionary of Irish Biography (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009)
Money, Power, and Print: Interdisciplinary Studies on the Financial Revolution in the British Isles. Ed. with Charles Ivar McGrath (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2008)
"Misunderstanding What Swift Misunderstood or, the Economy of a Province". In Chris Fauske and C. Ivar McGrath (eds.), Money, Power, and Print: Interdisciplinary Studies on the Financial Revolution in the British Isles(Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2008), pp. 135-56
Skipper Worse. Translated from the Norwegian of Alexander Kielland. Ed. Jeff Voccola (New York: Cross-Cultural Communications, 2007)
"Side by Side in a Small Country": Bishop John Frederick MacNeice and Ireland (Keady, Northern Ireland: Church of Ireland Historical Society, 2005)
An Uncomfortable Authority: Maria Edgeworth and Her Contexts. Ed. with Heidi Kaufman (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2004)
Archbishop William King and the Anglican Irish Context. Ed. (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2003)
Jonathan Swift and the Church of Ireland, 1710-24 (Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 2002)
Take Charge of Your Writing: the Power of Self-assessment. With David Daniel, Peter Galeno and Debbie Mael (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000)
"Some Other Culture: Maori Literature as a Unifying Force in a Multicultural Classroom", Teaching English in the Two-Year College 26:1 (Sept. 1998):18-24
"Boyle, John (Orrery and Cork, Earl of)". In Robert Hogan (ed.), Dictionary of Irish Literature (Greenwood, Ct: Greenwood Press, 1996)
"A Life Merely Glimpsed: Louis MacNeice at the End of the Anglo-Irish Tradition". In Tjebbe Westendorp and Jane Mallinson (eds.), Politics and the Rhetoric of Poetry: Perspectives on Modern Anglo-Irish Poetry (Amsterdam, Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, 1995), 181-98
"A Life Merely Glimpsed: Louis MacNeice at the End of the Anglo-Irish Tradition", Canadian Journal of Irish Studies 20.1 (Summer 1994):17-29
"A Matter of Dates: Yeats, Starkie, and The Silver Tassie", Notes and Queries 235 (Dec. 1990):439-41
Farley Grubb
Session II, "Is paper money just paper money?"
Abstract
p>The British North American colonies were the first western economies to rely on legislative-issued fiat paper monies as their principal internal media of exchange. This system arose piecemeal. It was monetary experimentation on a grand scale. In the absence of banks and treasuries that exchanged local fiat monies at fixed rates for specie monies (outside monies) on demand, colonial governments experimented with other ways to anchor their fiat monies to real values in the economy. These mechanisms included tax-redemption, interest-bearing notes, land-backed mortgage loans, sinking funds, and legal tender laws. The structure and performance of these mechanisms are explained.
Affiliation
Economics Department, University of Delaware; and NBER Research Associate
Publications
"State Redemption of the Continental Dollar, 1779-90". William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser. 69.1 (Jan. 2012):147-180
"The Distribution of Congressional Spending During the American Revolution, 1775-1780: The Problem of Geographic Balance". In Stephen Conway and Rafael Torres Sánchez (eds.), The Spending of the States—Military Expenditure During the Long Eighteenth Century: Patterns, Organisations, and Consequences, 1650-1815 (Saabrücken, Germany: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller GmbH & Co. KG, 2011), pp. 257-284
German Immigration and Servitude in America, 1709-1920. New York: Routledge, 2011
"Testing for the Economic Impact of the U.S. Constitution: Purchasing Power Parity across the Colonies Versus across the States, 1748-1811". Journal of Economic History 70.1 (Mar. 2010):118-145
"U.S. Land Policy: Founding Choices and Outcomes, 1781-1802". In Douglas A. Irwin and Richard Sylla (eds.), Founding Choices (Chicago: University of Chicago Press and NBER, 2010)
"Money Supply in the American Colonies". In Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume (eds.), The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics Online (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009)
"The Continental Dollar: How Much Was Really Issued?" Journal of Economic History 68 (2008):283-91
"The Spoils of War: U.S. Federal Government Finance in the Aftermath of the War for Independence, 1784-1802". In R. Torres Sanchez (ed.), War, State and Development: Fiscal-Military States in the Eighteenth Century(EUNSA, 2007), pp. 133-56
"The Net Worth of the U.S. Federal Government, 1784-1802", American Economic Review--Papers and Proceedings 97 (2007):280-84
"The Constitutional Creation of a Common Currency in the U.S. Monetary Stabilization versus Merchant Rent Seeking". In L. Jonung and J. Nautz (eds.), Conflict Potentials in Monetary Unions (Franz Steiner Verlag, 2007), pp. 19-50
Benjamin Franklin and the Birth of a Paper Money Economy. Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, 2006
"Benjamin Franklin and Colonial Money: A Reply to Michener and Wright--Yet Again". Econ Journal Watch3 (2006):484-510
"The U.S. Constitution and Monetary Powers: An Analysis of the 1787 Constitutional Convention and the Constitutional Transformation of the U.S. Monetary System". Financial History Review 13 (2006):43-71
"Theory, Evidence, and Belief--the Colonial Money Puzzle Revisited: Reply to Michener and Wright". Econ Journal Watch 3 (2006):45-72
"State 'Currencies' and the Transition to the U.S. Dollar: Reply--Including a New View from Canada". American Economic Review 95 (2005): 1341-48
"The Circulating Medium of Exchange in Colonial Pennsylvania, 1729-1775: New Estimates of Monetary Composition, Performance, and Economic Growth". Explorations in Economic History 41 (2004):329-60
"Creating the U.S.-Dollar Currency Union, 1748-1811: A Quest for Monetary Stability or a Usurpation of State Sovereignty for Personal Gain?". American Economic Review 93 (2003): 1778-98
Brean Hammond
Chair, Session I
Affiliation
Professor of Modern English Literature, University of Nottingham
Publications
"Shakespeare: Forgeries and Discoveries". In Peter Sabor and Fiona Ritchie (eds.), Shakespeare in the Eighteenth Century(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012)
"The 'Ethical Turn' in Literary Criticism: Burns and Byron". In David Sergeant and Fioan Stafford (eds.), Burns and Other Poets (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011)
"London in Poetry to 1750". In Lawrence Manley (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to London in English Literature(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011)
Jonathan Swift (Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 2010)
Double Falsehood (ed.). The Arden Shakespeare Series (London: Methuen, 2010)
James Hartley
Chair, Session III
Affiliation
Department of Economics, Mount Holyoke College
Publications
"Shake Your Chains to Earth Like Dew: Shelley and the Industrial Revolution". In Joseph Pearce (ed.), The Romantic Poets, Volume II (Fort Collins, Colorado: Ignatius Press, forthcoming)
"Supporting Robbers: The Economic Conflict in Julius Caesar". In Joseph Pearce (ed.), Julius Caesar: Ignatius Critical Edition (Fort Collins, Colorado: Ignatius Press, forthcoming)
"For Craft is All, Whoso That Do it Can: Merchants and Morals in The Canterbury Tales". In David Williams (ed.) The Canterbury Tales: Ignatius Critical Edition (Fort Collins, Colorado: Ignatius Press, forthcoming)
"Breeding Barren Metal: Usury in The Merchant of Venice". In Joseph Pearce (ed.), The Merchant of Venice: Ignatius Critical Edition (Fort Collins, Colorado: Ignatius Press, 2009), pp. 201-216
Mary Lyon: Documents and Writings (ed.). South Hadley: Doorlight Publications, 2008
"Representative Agent". In William Darity et al. (eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 2nd ed. (Detroit: Macmillan Reference, 2008), pp. 173-74
"The Chameleon Daniel Defoe: Public Writing in the Age Before Economic Theory". In Chris Fauske and Ivar McGrath (eds.), Money, Power and Prose: Interdisciplinary Studies of the Financial Revolution in the British Isles, 1688-1756 (University of Delaware Press, 2008), pp. 26-50
"Kydland and Prescott's Nobel Prize: The Methodology of Time Consistency and Real Business Cycle Models", Review of Political Economy 18.1 (January 2006):1-28
"Should American Studies Study Itself?", Academic Questions 17.2 (Spring 2004):33-44
"Modigliani's Expectations", Eastern Economic Journal 30.3 (Summer 2004):429-40
"Mutual Deposit Insurance: Other Lessons from the Record", The Independent Review 6.2 (Fall 2001):235-52
"The Great Books and Economics", Journal of Economic Education 32.2 (Spring 2001):147-59
"Real Myths and a Monetary Fact", Applied Economics 31 (1999):1325-29
Real Business Cycles: a Reader (ed. with Kevin D. Hoover and Kevin D. Salyer). London: Routledge, 1998
The Representative Agent in Macroeconomics. London: Routledge, 1997
"The Limits of Business Cycle Research: Assessing the Real Business Cycle Model" (with Kevin D. Hoover and Kevin D. Salyer), Oxford Review of Economic Policy 13.3 (1997):34-54
"The Origins of the Representative Agent", Journal of Economic Perspectives 10.2 (Spring 1996):169-77
Richard Kleer
Chair, Session V
Affiliation
Department of Economics, University of Regina
Publications
"'The Folly of Particulars': the political economy of the South Sea Bubble". Financial History Review 19.2 (2012):1-23.
"Fictitious Cash": English Public Finance and Paper Money, 1689-97. In Christopher Fauske and Ivar McGrath (eds.), Money, power and print: interdisciplinary studies on the British financial revolution (Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press, 2008), pp. 70-114.
"Smith on Teleology: a Reply to Alvey", History of Economics Review 40 (2004):145-49
"'The Ruine of their Diana': Lowndes, Locke and the Bankers", History of Political Economy 36.3 (2004):533-56
"Reading the Wealth of Nations in Context: Rethinking the Canon of Mid-18th Century British Political Economy". In E. Forget & S. Peart (eds.), Reflections on the classical canon in economics (Routledge, 2001)
"The Role of Teleology in Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations", History of Economics Review 31 (Winter 2000):14-29
"The Decay of Trade: the Politics of Economic Theory in Eighteenth-Century Britain", Journal of the History of Economic Thought 18 (1996):319-46
C. Ivar McGrath
Welcoming remarks and orientation; Chair, Session II
Affiliation
School of History and Archives, University College Dublin
Publications
Ireland and Empire, 1692-1770 (London: Pickering & Chatto, 2012)
"'The Public Wealth is the Sinew, the Life, of every Public Measure': the Creation and Maintenance of a National Debt in Ireland, 1716-45". In D. Carey and C. Finlay (eds.), The Empire of Credit: The Financial Revolution in the British Atlantic World, 1700-1800 (Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 2011), pp. 171-208
"Ireland and the State Papers, 1603-1714". In State Papers Online, Part IV: The Stuarts: James to Anne, 1603 – 1714: State Papers Foreign, Ireland; and Registers of the Privy Council (Andover: Gale / Cengage Learning, 2011)
"Waging War: The Irish Military Establishment and the British Empire, 1688-1763". In William Mulligan and Brendan Simms (eds.), The Primacy of Foreign Policy in British History, 1660-2000: How Strategic concerns Shaped modern Britain (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), pp 102-18
"Money, Politics and Power: The Financial Legislation of the Irish Parliament". In D. W. Hayton, James Kelly and John Bergin (eds.), The Eighteenth-Century Composite State: Representative Institutions in Ireland and Europe, 1689-1800 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), pp 21-43
"The Irish Parliament". In Clyve Jones (ed.), A Short History of Parliament (Boydell & Brewer, 2009), pp 321-38
People, Politics and Power: Essays on Irish History 1660-1850 in Honour of James I. McGuire. Edited with James Kelly and John McCafferty (Dublin: UCD Press, 2009)
"Alan Brodrick and the Speakership of the Irish House of Commons, 1703-4". In Kelly, McCafferty and McGrath (eds.), People, Politics and Power (Dublin: UCD Press, 2009), pp. 70-93
"The 'Union' Representation of 1703 in the Irish House of Commons: a case of mistaken identity?". Eighteenth-Century Ireland 23 (2008):11-35
Money, Power and Print: Interdisciplinary Studies on the Financial Revolution in the British Isles. Edited with Christopher Fauske (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2008)
"The Irish Experience of 'Financial Revolution', 1660-1760". In McGrath and Fauske (eds.), Money, Power and Print (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2008), pp. 157-88
"Government, parliament and the constitution: the reinterpretation of Poynings' Law, 1692-1714". Irish Historical Studies 35 (2006-7):160-72
Converts and Conversion in Ireland, 1650-1850. Edited with Michael Brown and T. P. Power (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2005)
"The provisions for conversion in the penal laws, 1695-1750". In Converts and Conversion in Ireland, 1650-1850. Ed. Michael Brown, C. I. McGrath, and T. P. Power (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2005), pp. 35-59
"English Ministers, Irish Politicians and the Making of a Parliamentary Settlement in Ireland, 1692-5". English Historical Review cxix (June 2004):585-613.
"Parliament, People, and other Possibilities," Eighteenth-Century Ireland 17 (2002):157-66
"Parliamentary Additional Supply: the Development and Use of Regular Short-term Taxation in the Irish Parliament, 1692-1716," Parliamentary History 20 (2001):27-54.
"Central Aspects of the Eighteenth-Century Constitutional Framework in Ireland: the Government Supply Bill and Biennial Parliamentary Sessions, 1715-82," Eighteenth-Century Ireland 16 (2001):9-34
The Making of the Eighteenth-Century Irish Constitution: Government, Parliament and the Revenue, 1692-1714(Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2000)
"Securing the Protestant Interest: Policy, Politics and Parliament in Ireland in the Aftermath of the Glorious Revolution, 1690-95". In Thomas Bartlett (ed.), History and Environment (Dublin: UCD, 1998), pp. 70-81
"Securing the Protestant Interest: the Origins and Purpose of the Penal Laws of 1695," Irish Historical Studies 30 (1996-7):25-46
David McNeil
Participant
Affiliation
Department of English, Dalhousie University
Publications
"Dialogues on the Events at Québec 1759: Lucianic Satire, Excuses and Propaganda". Lumen 30 (2011):45-59
"Collage and Social Theories: An Examination of Bowles's 'Medley' Prints of the 1720 South Sea Bubble". Word & Image 20.2 (2004):1-17
"The Spectacle of Protest and Punishment: newspaper coverage of the Melksham Weavers' Riot of 1738". Media History 7 (2001):71-86
The Grotesque Depiction of War and the Military in Eighteenth-Century English Fiction. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1990
Helen Julia Paul
Session IV, "Eternal versus ephemeral: the importance of land and gold in the pamphlet literature"
Abstract
The creation of the Bank of England in 1694 is one of the key events in the so-called Financial Revolution. The Bank was founded upon the government's promise that future tax revenues would be reserved for the Bank's use. A number of rival land bank schemes were proposed around the turn of the century. Land banks would be backed by an asset which was tangible, indestructible and essential: land. Many contemporary writers and politicians made a fetish of land. However the supporters of the land banks were not all unenlightened conservatives when it came to financial innovation. Many accepted that the economic system needed to change to pay the crippling expenses of war. Some were able to use sophisticated concepts of money. Others were simply unable to grasp the new economic realities. However, what was common to all was the language of land and its attendant legal terms, such as mortgages and years' purchase. This language was applied to finance, even when adequate financial terms existed. Such usage reflects the fact that it was the landed who held political power in the country. Even William Paterson, the man usually credited with founding of the Bank of England, used the language of land to describe his scheme.
Affiliation
Economics Division, University of Southampton, Southampton, England
Publications
"Archibald Hutcheson's reputation as an economic thinker: his pamphlets, the National Debt, and the South Sea Bubble". Essays in Economic and Business History 30 (2012):93-104
"The maintenance of British slaving forts in Africa: the activities of joint-stock companies and the Royal Navy". In R. Torres and S. Conway (eds.), (Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag, 2011), pp. 213-36
The South Sea Bubble: an economic history of its origins and consequences (Routledge, 2011)
"Royal Africa Company". In Encyclopaedia of Business in Today's World (Sage, 2009)
"Joint-Stock Companies as the Sinews of War: The South Sea and Royal African Companies". In R. Torres Sanchez (ed.), War, State and Development: Military Fiscal States in the Eighteenth Century (EUNSA, 2008)
"British Asiento Slave-Traders and Conflict during the Triangular Trade". In Joám Evans Pim, Óscar Crespo Argibay and Bárbara Kristensen (eds.), Essays on Atlantic Studies: Rediscovering the Atlantic Maze (Galicia: IGESIP, 2006)
"What Economic History Means". In P. Hudson (ed.), Living Economic and Social History (Economic History Society, 2001)
Stephen Timmons
Participant
Affiliation
Humanities Department, Columbus State Community College
Publications
"The Hearth Tax and Customs Duties in the West Country". In Chris Fauske and C. Ivar McGrath (eds.), Money, Power, and Print: Interdisciplinary Studies on the Financial Revolution in the British Isles (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2008 forthcoming)
"Witchcraft and Rebellion in Late Seventeenth-Century Devon", Journal of Early Modern History 10.4 (December 2006):297-330
"From Persecution to Toleration in the West Country, 1672-1692", Historian (Phi Alpha Theta) 68.3 (Fall 2006):461-88
"The Customs Service in the West Country, 1671-1692", Mariner's Mirror (May 2006)
"Executions Following Monmouth's Rebellion: A Missing Link", Historical Research (May 2003)
Jeff Turner
Participant
Affiliation
Atlantic Canada Studies, St. Mary's University
Publications
From Settlement to Colony: Charles Morris' Role in the Transformation of British Acadia to British Nova Scotia, 1746 - 1763 (M.A. thesis, 2013 forthcoming)
Patrick Walsh
Session V, "Bringing the financial revolution to the provinces: the Irish Revenue Board and the uses of bureaucratic print"
Abstract
This paper addresses two important questions at the heart of debates about the financial revolution and the fiscal-military state. One, how have often-polemical contemporary printed accounts influenced later historiography, and therefore our understanding of the financial revolution? And two, how did the machinery of the fiscal-military state actually work? These questions are addressed with the context of the eighteenth-century Irish state's attempts to raise sufficient revenue to pay for what became its key imperial contribution &emdash; the Irish standing army. Particular attention is paid to the development of a historical narrative, which focused less on state building/professionalization, and rather more on politicisation and what scholars used to call 'old corruption'. I argue that this narrative owed much to the polemical accounts of contemporaries, and rather less to the surviving archival record. The second question identified at the outset is addressed though a three part analysis, focusing on first money, how much taxes were actually collected, and how much did their collection cost; secondly power, how did the revenue board and its ever expanding bureaucracy, the most visible branch of the civil government collect these taxes from what was seen as a hostile public; and thirdly how did the revenue board use print to 'improve' and develop their bureaucracy. This paper draws on a rich vein of under-explored archival material, as well as a variety of contemporary printed materials.
Affiliation
IRCHSS CARA Government of Ireland Fellow, University College London/University College Dublin
Publications
Ireland and the South Sea Bubble
(Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 2013 forthcoming)
The Making of the Irish Protestant Ascendancy: the Life of William Conolly, 1689-1729 (Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer)
"Biography and the meaning of an Irish Country House: William Conolly and Castletown". In Terence Dooley and Christopher Ridgeway (eds.), The Irish country house: its past, present and future (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2010), pp. 21-39
"Club Life in the Late Seventeenth and Early Eighteenth Centuries". In James Kelly & Martyn Powell (eds.), Clubs and Societies in Eighteenth-Century Ireland, 1690-1800 (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2010), pp. 36-52
"Free movement of people? Responses to emigration from Ireland, 1718-30". Journal of Irish and Scottish Studies3.1 (2010):221-36
"A new Edmund Burke letter from 1778". Eighteenth century Ireland: Iris an dá chultúr 24 (2009):160-64
"The Sin of With-Holding Tribute: Contemporary Pamphlets and the Professionalization of the Irish Revenue Service in the Early Eighteenth Century". Eighteenth Century Ireland: Iris an dá chultúr 21 (2006):48-65
Courtney Weiss Smith
Discussant, Session I
Affiliation
English Department, Wesleyan University
Publications
"A 'Foundation in Nature': New Economic Criticism and the Problem of Money in 1690s England". The Eighteenth Century: Theory and Interpretation 53.2 (Summer 2012 forthcoming)
"Political Individuals and Providential Nature in Locke and Pope" SEL: Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900(Summer 2012, forthcoming)
Empirical possibilities: close attention to material things in England, 1690-1730". Ph.D. dissertation (2010)